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- Understanding LEAPS: A Comprehensive Guide to Long-Term Options
Understanding LEAPS: A Comprehensive Guide to Long-Term Options
Your Path to Options Trading Success
Today’s episode - LEAPS: Your Ticket to Long-Term Stock Plays (Without Breaking the Bank)

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Have you ever dreamt of owning a piece of those high-flying stocks but balked at the price tag of 100 shares? Or perhaps you have a hunch about a stock's future but don't want to commit a hefty sum for an extended period? If so, LEAPS might be the hidden gem you've been looking for.
These long-term options offer a unique way to capture the upside of stocks without the full upfront cost. But like any investment, they come with their quirks and risks. In this issue, we'll break down the ins and outs of LEAPS, exploring their benefits, drawbacks, and how they stack up against traditional stock ownership. We'll even dive into some advanced strategies seasoned investors use to maximize their potential.
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If you want to invest for the long term but find the cost of buying 100 shares of a stock prohibitive, or if you want to take a bullish position without tying up too much capital for too long, Long-Term Equity Anticipation Securities (LEAPS) might be a good solution. However, LEAPS come with risks and are best suited for experienced and financially stable investors. So, do more research and consider not just the rewards but also the risks.
Disclaimer: This newsletter is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Please consult with a financial advisor before making any investment decisions.
What Are LEAPS?
LEAPS stands for Long-Term Equity Anticipation Securities. These options typically expire over 12 months, although those with 10 to 11 months can qualify as LEAPS. LEAPS offers a longer horizon for potential gains or losses than regular options with shorter expiration periods.
American-Style Options: LEAPS can be bought or sold on certain stocks, indexes, and ETFs before the expiration date.
Higher Costs: LEAPS are generally more expensive than their shorter-dated counterparts due to their extended time frames.
Slower Time Value Decay: LEAPS experience a slower time value decay rate than shorter-term options.
Note: Because of their longer duration, LEAPS are less affected by short-term fluctuations in the underlying asset’s price.
Key Characteristics of LEAPS
Price and Liquidity
Cost: LEAPS are more expensive due to their longer durations.
Liquidity: They often have lower liquidity, leading to wider bid-ask spreads. This means there’s a larger difference between the highest price buyers are willing to pay and the lowest price sellers will accept.
Trading Strategy: To avoid issues with liquidity, traders may need to be more patient. Consider placing bids based on the average of the bid and ask prices or testing different bids to secure a better fill price.
Delta and Its Implications
Delta measures how much the price of the option is expected to move when the underlying stock price changes. For instance, a delta of 0.8 means the option price moves $0.80 for every $1.00 move in the stock price.
Higher Delta: Options with a higher delta are more in-the-money and align more closely with the stock's price movements, but they are also more costly.
Comparing LEAPS to Direct Stock Purchases
Let's consider a hypothetical scenario where stock X is trading at $123.30.
Buying the Stock Directly: To acquire 100 shares, you'd need $12,330.
Purchasing a LEAPS Call: With a delta of 0.6403 and a strike price of $115, the cost of the LEAPS call is $23.375 per share. For 100 shares, this amounts to $2,337.50.
Advantages of LEAPS:
Lower Initial Investment: The cost is significantly lower compared to buying the actual stock.
Capital Efficiency: LEAPS require less initial capital, potentially allowing for higher returns on investment.
Scenario Analysis: Stock Price Movements
If the Stock Price Rises
Exercising the LEAPS Call: You can buy stock X at $115. Adding the $23.375 premium, your total cost per share is $138.375. If the stock price rises significantly, the higher initial cost might be outweighed by potential gains.
Alternative Strategy: Instead of exercising the option, you might close your position before expiration. This approach can often yield higher profits due to the time value of the LEAPS call, especially if implied volatility is high.
If the Stock Price Falls
Downside Protection: The maximum loss with LEAPS is limited to the premium paid, unlike owning the stock directly where losses could be substantial. For example, if stock X falls to $60, your loss with LEAPS is capped at $2,237.50, compared to a potential $6,330 loss with stock ownership.
Expiration Risk: If the LEAPS expire worthless, you could lose the entire premium. Conversely, holding the stock may allow you to wait for a potential rebound.
If the Stock Price Remains Stable
Time Value Decay: Initially, LEAPS experienced minimal time value decay. However, as expiration approaches, the time value diminishes more rapidly, potentially leading to losses as the option nears its expiry date.
Long Stock Advantage: Holding the stock avoids the issues of expiration and offers the possibility of earning dividends, which LEAPS do not provide.
Overall Comparison: LEAPS vs. Direct Stock Purchase
Pros of LEAPS:
Limited Losses: Losses are capped at the premium paid.
Lower Capital Requirement: Requires less initial investment, which can be beneficial for diversifying your portfolio or freeing up capital for other uses.
Long-Term Exposure: Provides a way to benefit from long-term stock movements without buying the actual stock.
Cons of LEAPS:
Expiration Risk: LEAPS have an expiration date, unlike stocks, which can be held indefinitely.
Higher Costs: The premium for LEAPS is higher, and time decay accelerates as expiration nears.
Missed Dividends: You won't receive dividends from LEAPS.
Additional Uses for LEAPS
Hedging: LEAPS can hedge against downside risks in long stock positions, which is particularly useful in retirement portfolios.
Income Enhancement: Selling LEAPS might enhance income or be combined with other options strategies.
Rolling LEAPS: Some investors use a strategy called "Option Roll Forward," where they replace their LEAPS with new ones with later expiration dates, helping them track the underlying stock long-term.
LEAPS offers a unique way to gain long-term exposure to stock movements with a lower initial investment than purchasing shares directly. While they provide certain advantages, like limited loss and capital efficiency, they also come with risks, such as expiration and higher costs. Understanding these factors can help you decide if LEAPS fits your investment strategy.
That’s it for this episode. Watch out for more Options Trading and LEAPS follow-up content coming up soon! Make sure to subscribe, but if you want to capture in-depth learning about LEAPS and more, then consider our Premium membership.
You can check and follow the Options Trading series here.
Remember, investing is a journey, not a sprint. While August and September may present challenges, they're also rife with opportunities for those willing to do their homework. Keep your eyes on the horizon, stay informed, and never stop learning.
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